TRaNsgeNIC faRm aNImal pRODUCTION aND applICaTION
نویسندگان
چکیده
Over the last three decades biotechnology has advanced to a level where it is generally feasible to make particular changes to the genome, and therefore to the expressed characteristics of living organisms. The product of such a change is called a transgenic or a genetically modified organism (GMO). GMOs are created and/or modified in the laboratory to amplify desired characteristics which are beneficial to mankind (Chrenek and Makarevich, 2008). In the mid-1970s, several investigators infected mouse embryos with retroviruses and demonstrated that proviral DNA integrated into the genome and was passed to subsequent generations (germ-line transmission of foreign DNA). By the early-1980s the technology gained momentum with various laboratories producing transgenic mice by microinjecting genes into the pronucleus of a fertilized egg, which has been hailed as a seminal event in the development of animal biotechnology. The term “transgenic” describes animals carrying exogenous genes Minireview
منابع مشابه
Transgenic Approaches to Enhance the Environmental and Physiological Characteristics of Pigs and Their Impact on the Pork Industry
Farm animals have been subjected to genetic modifications for many years through natural and artificial selection processes. These methods have provided a steady annual genetic response rate of 0.5 to 3% (Smith, 1998). However, these traditional methods for genetic improvement have several shortcomings. First, it is often difficult to separate a desired production trait from undesirable traits....
متن کاملTransgenic farm animals: present and future.
Until recently, pronuclear microinjection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was the standard method for producing transgenic animals. This technique is now being replaced by more efficient protocols based on somatic nucleartransferthat also permit targeted genetic modifications. Lentiviral vectors and small interfering ribonucleic acid technology are also becoming important tools for transgenesis....
متن کاملPerspectives for feed-efficient animal production.
Modern animal breeding programs are largely based on biotechnological procedures, including AI and embryo transfer technology. Recent breakthroughs in reproductive technologies, such as somatic cell nuclear transfer and in vitro embryo production, and their combination with the emerging molecular genetic tools, will further advance progress and provide new opportunities for livestock breeding. ...
متن کاملEstimation of the Carbon Footprint in Dairy Sheep Farm
By 2050, the earth’s population is expected to be more than 9 billion. The need for secure food and water supply will force agriculture to increase production. The major greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the livestock sector are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) throughout the production process. These gases are the key contributor to an in...
متن کاملTransgenic mammalian species, generated by somatic cell cloning, in biomedicine, biopharmaceutical industry and human nutrition/dietetics--recent achievements.
Somatic cell cloning technology in mammals promotes the multiplication of productively-valuable genetically engineered individuals, and consequently allows also for standardization of transgenic farm animal-derived products, which, in the context of market requirements, will have growing significance. Gene farming is one of the most promising areas in modern biotechnology. The use of live biore...
متن کاملP-111: An Attempt to Facilitate the Production of Transgenic Mouse As A Model for Gene Therapy of Gaucher Disease
Background: Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive inherited lysosomal storage disorder that affects many of the body's organs and tissues by defective function of the catabolic enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase. Gene therapy is one of the efficient ways for treatment of this disease. Due to the lack of appropriate animal models, in the field of gene therapy little progress has been done.Mate...
متن کامل